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Vermont Invasives

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Spotted knapweed

Centaurea stoebe

  • Read more about Spotted knapweed
  • Spotted knapweed: characteristic black-tipped bracts.
  • Spotted knapweed: flowers, pinkish-to-lavender thistle plume to radiate out and up.
  • Spotted knapweed: flowers going to seed. Tightly packed seed heads of oblong, brownish, hairy nutlets, topped by short stubby bristles.
  • Spotted knapweed: leaves are alternate, grayish-green. Plants grow up to 3' tall.
  • Look-alike: field thistle (Cirsium discolor) flower bud bracts have silver stripe and a spine.

Narrow-leaved bitter-cress

Cardamine impatiens

  • Read more about Narrow-leaved bitter-cress
  • Narrow-leaved bitter-cress: basal rosette of leaves are pinnately divided. The leaves have a pair of fleshy blunt projections ('ears') turned downward at their base, which is an important diagnostic characteristic.
  • Narrow-leaved bitter-cress: basal rosette of leaves are pinnately divided.
  • Narrow-leaved bitter-cress: white flowers are small, being up to 0.1 in
  • Narrow-leaved bitter-cress: leaves (6-20) are thin and membranous.
  • Narrow-leaved bitter-cress: fruit is a slender, upward-growing, string bean-like silique.
  • Look-alike: Pennsylvania Bittercress (Cardamine pensylvanica). This plant does not have fleshy blunt projections ('ears') when leaves are removed.

Porcelain berry

Ampelopsis glandulosa var. brevipedunculata

  • Read more about Porcelain berry
  • Porcelain berry: fruits are small berries that range from yellow to purple to blue in color.
  • Porcelain berry: alternate leaves are simple and heart-shaped with coarse teeth along the margins. The leaves vary from slightly lobed to deeply dissected.
  • Porcelain berry: infestation.
  • Porcelain berry: inconspicuous flowers (white to green) develop in small clusters.
  • Porcelain berry: fruits are small berries that range from yellow to purple to blue in color.
  • Look-alike: heartleaf peppervine (Ampelopsis cordata) leaves are toothed to obscurely lobed.

False Indigo

Amorpha fruticosa

  • Read more about False Indigo
  • False indigo: flowers are slender spikes at the ends of the twigs.
  • False indigo: flowers are slender spikes at the ends of the twigs.
  • False indigo: infestation.
  • False indigo: alternate, pinnately compound leaves up to 10 inches long, 13 to 35 leaflets per leaf.
  • Look-alike: bristly locust (Robinia hispida), looks similar to false indigo when they are young

Common Barberry

Berberis vulgaris

  • Read more about Common Barberry

Honeysuckle, Vine

Lonicera japonica

  • Read more about Honeysuckle, Vine
  • Vine honeysuckle: whitish-pink flowers develop in the axils of the leaves. The flowers turn cream-yellow as they age.
  • Vine honeysuckle: infestation.
  • Vine honeysuckle: small shiny globular fruits turn from green to black as they ripen.
  • Look-alike: trumpet honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens).
  • Look-alike: twining honeysuckle (Lonicera dioica).

Swallowwort, Pale

Vincetoxicum rossicum

  • Read more about Swallowwort, Pale
  • Pale swallowwort: flowers are dark pink to deep red, 5-petaled, star-shaped and appear in clusters.
  • Pale swallowwort: flowers are dark pink to deep red, 5-petaled, star-shaped and appear in clusters.
  • Pale swallowwort: fruits are similar to milkweed pods. They are slender, 2-3 in. long and split to reveal small seeds with tufts of white hairs.
  • Pale swallowwort: infestation.
  • Pale swallowwort: fruits are similar to milkweed pods. They are slender, 2-3 in. long and split to reveal small seeds with tufts of white hairs.
  • Look-alike: black swallowwort (also an invasive species) has oval leaves and dark blue/purple flowers.

Japanese Stiltgrass

Microstegium vimineum

  • Read more about Japanese Stiltgrass
  • Japanese stiltgrass: infestation.
  • Japanese stiltgrass: a small grass species, with alternately arranged leaves.
  • Japanese stiltgrass: leaves are pale-green, with a slightly textured surface, and silvery lines along the blade distinguish stiltgrass from native grass look-alikes.
  • Look-alike: white cutgrass (Leersia virginica), native plant, has distinctly longer leaves and shorter spikelets.
  • Look-alike: white cutgrass (Leersia virginica), native plant, has distinctly longer leaves and shorter spikelets.

Wild Chervil

Anthriscus sylvestris

  • Read more about Wild Chervil
  • Wild chervil: umbels of this plant are large, having 6-15 rays that can reach up to 1.5 in. in length. The flowers are white and have 5 notched petals.
  • Wild Chervil: fruits are smooth, lanceolate in shape and measure 0.25 in. long. The fruits start out green and turn brown as they ripen.
  • Wild chervil: infestation.
  • Wild chervil: alternately arranged, compound, fern-like leaves.
  • Look-alike: common caraway (Carum carvi).
  • Look-alike: queen Anne's lace (Daucus carota).

Honeysuckles, Shrub

Lonicera sp.

  • Read more about Honeysuckles, Shrub
  • Morrow’s honeysuckle: hairy underside of leaf, white flowers, leaves egg shape with slight taper at tip.
  • Amur honeysuckle: hairy leaf that is egg shaped with a long taper at tip, white flowers that yellow with time
  • Shrub Honeysuckle: twinned berries, that are generally red to yellow in color
  • Tatarian honeysuckle: flowers are shades of pink-red and asymmetrical, leaves are not hairy, leaves are egg shaped with rounded base
  • Bell Honeysuckle: variable characteristics, but usually has pink flowers.
  • Shrub Honeysuckle: hollow, brown pith
  • Look-alike: American honeysuckle has yellow tubular flowers, leaves can be hairy, and has a solid, white pith. This plant is native.

Pagination

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Site by Tamarack Media Cooperative. Cover image by Brian Leedy.